What are the economic effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act? Economic Stimulus What is the role of monetary policy in alleviating economic downturns? What are automatic stabilizers and how do they work? What characteristics make fiscal stimulus most effective? Distribution of Tax Burdens How are federal taxes distributed? Are federal taxes progressive? How should progressivity be measured?
What is the difference between marginal and average tax rates? What criticisms are levied against standard distributional analysis? How should distributional tables be interpreted? Who bears the burden of the corporate income tax? Who bears the burden of federal excise taxes? How do financing methods affect the distributional analyses of tax cuts?
How do taxes affect income inequality? Tax Expenditures What are tax expenditures and how are they structured?
What is the tax expenditure budget? Why are tax expenditures controversial? What are the largest tax expenditures? How did the TCJA affect tax expenditures? Tax Gap and Tax Shelters What is the tax gap?
What does the IRS do and how can it be improved? What is a tax shelter? Recent History of the Tax Code What did the —10 tax stimulus acts do? What did the American Taxpayer Relief Act of do? How did the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act change personal taxes? How did the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act change business taxes? Key Elements of the U. What are itemized deductions and who claims them?
How did the TCJA change the standard deduction and itemized deductions? What are personal exemptions? How do federal income tax rates work? What are tax credits and how do they differ from tax deductions? How do phaseouts of tax provisions affect taxpayers? Capital Gains and Dividends How are capital gains taxed? What is the effect of a lower tax rate for capital gains? What is carried interest, and how is it taxed? How might the taxation of capital gains be improved?
Who pays the AMT? How much revenue does the AMT raise? Taxes and the Family What is the child tax credit? What is the adoption tax credit? What is the earned income tax credit? Do all people eligible for the EITC participate?
How does the tax system subsidize child care expenses? What are marriage penalties and bonuses? How did the TCJA change taxes of families with children? Taxes and the Poor How does the federal tax system affect low-income households?
What is the difference between refundable and nonrefundable credits? Can poor families benefit from the child tax credit? Why do low-income families use tax preparers? How does the earned income tax credit affect poor families? What are error rates for refundable credits and what causes them? How do IRS audits affect low-income families? Taxes and Retirement Saving What kinds of tax-favored retirement arrangements are there? How large are the tax expenditures for retirement saving?
What are defined benefit retirement plans? What are defined contribution retirement plans? What types of nonemployer-sponsored retirement savings accounts are available? What are Roth individual retirement accounts? Who uses individual retirement accounts? How does the availability of tax-favored retirement saving affect national saving? What is an automatic k? How might low- and middle-income households be encouraged to save? Taxes and Charitable Giving What is the tax treatment of charitable contributions?
What entities are tax-exempt? Who benefits from the deduction for charitable contributions? How would various proposals affect incentives for charitable giving?
How large are individual income tax incentives for charitable giving? How did the TCJA affect incentives for charitable giving? Taxes and Health Care How much does the federal government spend on health care? Who has health insurance coverage?
Which tax provisions subsidize the cost of health care? How does the tax exclusion for employer-sponsored health insurance work? What are premium tax credits? Our goal is to give you the best advice to help you make smart personal finance decisions. We follow strict guidelines to ensure that our editorial content is not influenced by advertisers.
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