Gravity, although an effect inherent to the density of mass, acts as an outside force to other matter that attracts particles to each other in space. This is how our home star and the planets of our solar system were formed. Particles of elements, being attracted to each other, collided and adhered to each other and formed loose collections of matter. The larger the mass of the whole, the greater the force of gravity, which attracts more and more particles that slowly compress themselves inwards towards the center of the entanglement, until eventually becoming large and dense enough to become a star or a planet.
The mass of the Earth is so great that we need extremely powerful rockets to move anything off the planet and into space. Earth is roughly 4. Carbon C is actually a solid, not a gas, and is mostly found in our atmosphere as a molecule a unit of bound atoms or chemical compound, and primarily as either carbon-dioxide CO2 or methane CH4. In these cases, the solid carbon atom is bound to several gaseous atoms that keep it aloft.
The small number two in CO2 represents two oxygen molecules bound to a single carbon atom, and the small number four in CH4 represents four hydrogen atoms bound to a single carbon atom. Photosynthesis is a process by which organisms pull in CO2 from the atmosphere, break the molecular bond, use the carbon to combine with other elements to create simple sugars glucose to feed and build their bodies, and expel O2 as a waste product.
You can see by the molecular formula that when plants take in carbon dioxide, they are taking in twice the oxygen that they need to make glucose and expelling it as waste. The earliest known forms of life, appearing in the fossil record 3. Before photosynthesis evolved, Earth's atmosphere had no free oxygen O2 , but the population growth of these ancient, ocean-dwelling bacteria sparked what is known as the Great Oxidation Event on our planet, raising the level of oxygen from 0.
He is the founder of Middle Creek Publishing, and his passion is connecting people of all ages to Nature. He can be reached via email at earthstudies hikeandlearn.
In fatal shooting, some political foes take aim at Baldwin. Lawmakers defer some Jan. Load Error. Microsoft and partners may be compensated if you purchase something through recommended links in this article. Fluorine is the only halogen gas that can react with carbon in elemental form [5]. The increased atmospheric concentration of carbon has become a major health and environmental challenge.
This leads to an increase in the atmospheric heat and temperature, which naturally helps in sustaining the life on Earth. But a considerable increase in the greenhouse, due to a anthropogenic emission of CO 2 have become a global challenge and is bringing an unprecedented climatic change that can affect the natural balance of life [7]. Carbon is characterized as low toxicity metal. Inhalation of carbon black can lead to damage of lungs, but it is an occupational hazard.
Certain compounds of carbon are also toxic, including cyanide and carbon monoxide. There are three naturally occurring isotopes of carbon, 12 C and 13 C stable isotopes , while 14 C is a radionuclide, that have a half-life of about 5, years. Carbon is the most abundant, with a natural abundance of Carbon is only present in trace amount on Earth and is mostly present in the atmosphere, where it is formed from the interaction of cosmic rays and nitrogen [8].
Giolitti, Federico The Cementation of Iron and Steel. McGraw-Hill Book Company, inc. Reece, Jane B. Campbell Biology 10 ed. ISBN Archived from the original on Retrieved Deprez, N. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. Bibcode : JPhD… WebElements Periodic Table. Tennessine is a synthetic element that was discovered in It is highly radioactive and…. History and Discovery The discovery of carbon dates to prehistoric times and was used by ancient human civilizations as in the form of charcoal and coal.
Physical Properties The different allotropic forms of carbon have different physical properties. Chemical Properties Carbon is quite reactive and forms about one million different compounds, and there is a significant increase in their number each year. Significance and Uses Graphite is widely used in refractory applications and making greasy lubricants [6].
Graphite is used in making furnace lining, carbon brushes in motors. Activated carbon or charcoal is used in making filters for respirators and kitchen hoods. Diamond is used in making drills and cutter for cutting rocks and other hard material, due to its immense strength and durability. Carbon fiber is used in making fishing rods, tennis rackets, airplanes as it is extraordinarily strong and light weight.
Carbon has revolutionized nanotechnology by the discovery of carbon nanotubes, that are widely used in electronic industry. Carbon is widely used in carbonated and fuzzy drinks. It is used in various metallurgy processes. Carbon black is used in making pigments and inks.
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